17 March 2025

Chronic Back Pain Increases the Risk of Balance Issues and Falls

A new study from 2025 reveals that chronic lower back pain can have a significant negative impact on balance and increase the risk of falls. The study, which examined the relationship between back pain and postural stability, shows that factors such as pain intensity, age, BMI, and functional impairment play a crucial role in the development of balance problems.

Greater Balance Issues Among Those in Pain 
Researchers compared 88 individuals with chronic lower back pain to a control group of the same size consisting of individuals without back problems. Participants underwent a series of balance tests using a stabilometric platform, which measured postural sway (the small, unconscious movements the body makes to maintain balance), sway velocity (the speed of these movements), and CoP displacement (the body's general center of pressure relative to the surface).

The results revealed significant differences between the two groups. Individuals with chronic lower back pain exhibited greater balance problems than the control group, especially when standing with their eyes closed. They showed larger movements to maintain balance and quicker postural adjustments, indicating a reduced ability to control balance.

Elderly and Overweight Individuals Are Particularly at Risk 
The study found a clear correlation between pain intensity and balance problems. Older and overweight individuals with high pain levels and functional impairments faced the greatest challenges in maintaining stability. Researchers therefore emphasize the importance of developing targeted interventions to improve balance in this group.

Targeted Interventions Can Help
Researchers recommend a specific focus on weight control and sensorimotor training to improve balance in individuals with chronic lower back pain. Better postural stability could potentially reduce the risk of falls and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals.

The study thus highlights the need for increased efforts in both the prevention and treatment of balance problems in individuals with chronic back pain.

Adel Alshahrani, Ravi Shankar Reddy and Sunil Kumar Ravi. Chronic low back pain and postural instability: interaction effects of pain severity, age, BMI, and disability. Frontiers in public health 2025.